Andreas Prilop28 July 2009
الِفـباى فارسى |
The Persian alphabet |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | حَرف | اشكـال | اِســـم | Name | Note | Unicode |
| 0 | ء | هَمزه | hamzeh | ar |
U+0621 | |
| 1 | ا | ا | الِف | alef | U+0627 | |
| 1a | آ | آ | الِفِ مَدّى | alef-e maddī | U+0622 | |
| 1b | أ | أ | الِفِ مَهموز | alef-e mahmūz | ar |
U+0623 |
| 2 | ب | ب ب ب | به | be | U+0628 | |
| 3 | پ | پ پ پ | په | pe | fa |
U+067E |
| 4 | ت | ت ت ت | ته | te | U+062A | |
| 5 | ث | ث ث ث | ثه | se | ar |
U+062B |
| 6 | ج | ج ج ج | جيم | jīm | U+062C | |
| 7 | چ | چ چ چ | چيم ، چه | čīm, če = che | fa |
U+0686 |
| 8 | ح | ح ح ح | حاى حُطى | Hā-ye HoTTī | ar |
U+062D |
| 9 | خ | خ خ خ | خه | xe = khe | U+062E | |
| 10 | د | د | دال | dāl | U+062F | |
| 11 | ذ | ذ | ذال | zāl | ar |
U+0630 |
| 12 | ر | ر | ره | re | U+0631 | |
| 13 | ز | ز | زه | ze | U+0632 | |
| 14 | ژ | ژ | ژه | že = zhe | fa |
U+0698 |
| 15 | س | س س س | سين | sīn | U+0633 | |
| 16 | ش | ش ش ش | شين | šīn = shīn | U+0634 | |
| 17 | ص | ص ص ص | صاد | Sād | ar |
U+0635 |
| 18 | ض | ض ض ض | ضاد | Żād | ar |
U+0636 |
| 19 | ط | ط ط ط | طا | Tā | ar |
U+0637 |
| 20 | ظ | ظ ظ ظ | ظا | Zā | ar |
U+0638 |
| 21 | ع | ع ع ع | عِين | ‘ein = ‘eyn | ar |
U+0639 |
| 22 | غ | غ غ غ | غِين | ğein = gheyn | U+063A | |
| 23 | ف | ف ف ف | فه | fe | U+0641 | |
| 24 | ق | ق ق ق | قاف | qāf | U+0642 | |
| 25 | ك | ك ك ك | كاف | kāf | U+0643 | |
| 25a | ک | ک ک ک | كاف | kāf | fa |
U+06A9 |
| 26 | گ | گ گ گ | گاف | gāf | fa |
U+06AF |
| 27 | ل | ل ل ل | لام | lām | U+0644 | |
| 27a | لا | لا | لام الِف | lām alef | ||
| 28 | م | م م م | ميم | mīm | U+0645 | |
| 29 | ن | ن ن ن | نون | nūn | U+0646 | |
| 30 | و | و | واو | vāv | U+0648 | |
| 30a | ؤ | ؤ | واوِ مَهموز | vāv-e mahmūz | ar |
U+0624 |
| 31 | ه | ه ه ه | هاى هَوَّز | hā-ye havvaz | U+0647 | |
| 32 | ي | ي ي ي | ياى مُعجَم | yā-ye mo‘jam | U+064A | |
| 32a | ی | ی ی ی | ياى فارسى | yā-ye fārsī | U+06CC | |
| 32b | ى | ى | ياى مُهمَل | yā-ye mohmal | U+0649 | |
| 32c | ئ | ئ ئ ئ | هَمزه | hamzeh | U+0626 | |
The Persian alphabet consists of 32 letters with the following additions:
Symbol 0 and letter 32c denote a glottal stop ‹’›.
Letter 1a denotes ‹’ā›.
Letter 1b denotes ‹’a› or ‹a’›.
Ligature 27a is sometimes regarded as one letter.
Letter 30a denotes ‹o’›.
Letters 25a and 32a are special glyphs used in Persian, Urdu, etc.
These are missing in common (Mac OS Farsi and Windows Arabic) typefaces and are therefore best avoided.
Several letters are pronounced identically:
[’] 0, 21, 32c
[t] 4, 19
[s] 5, 15, 17
[h] 8, 31
[z] 11, 13, 18, 20
[γ] 22, 24
Notes
ar Mainly in Arabic loanwords
fa Persian letter outside the Arabic alphabet
حَرَكـــات |
Vowel signs |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /…/ | اِســـم | Name | Unicode | |||
| ْ | ـْ | جَزْم ، سُكون | jazm, sokūn | U+0652 | ||
| a | َ | ـَ | فتحه ، زَبَر | fatHeh, zabar | U+064E | |
| -an | اً | ـاً | تنوين | tanvīn | U+0627 | U+064B |
| å | ا | ـا | الِف | alef | U+0627 | |
| ’å | آ | ـآ | الِفِ مَدّى | alef-e maddī | U+0622 | |
| o | ُ | ـُ | ضَمّه ، پيش | Żammeh, pīš | U+064F | |
| o | و | ـو | واوِ مَجهول | vāv-e majhūl | U+0648 | |
| u | و | ـو | واوِ مَعروف | vāv-e ma‘rūf | U+0648 | |
| ou | ُو | ـُو | اِدغام اُو | edğām-e ou | U+064F | U+0648 |
| e | ِ | ـِ | كَسره ، زير | kasreh, zīr | U+0650 | |
| -e |
ِه |
ـِه |
هاى مَخفى ، هاى غِيرِ مَلفوظ |
hā-ye maxfī, hā-ye ğeir-e malfūZ |
U+0650 |
U+0647 |
| i | ى | ـى | ياى مَعروف | yā-ye ma‘rūf | U+06CC | |
| ei | ِى | ـِى | اِدغام اِى | edğām-e ei | U+0650 | U+06CC |
| ai | َى | ـَى | اِدغام اى | edğām-e ai | U+064E | U+06CC |
| -å | ى | ـى | الِفِ مَقصور | alef-e maqSūr | U+0649 | |
Andreas Prilop
28 July 2009